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Clean and Unclean Animals
And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying to them,
And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying to them,
Ceremonially Clean and Unclean Animals
Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,
Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,
“Speak to the people of Israel, saying, These are the living things that you may eat among all the animals that are on the earth.
“Give the following instructions to the people of Israel.
“Of all the land animals, these are the ones you may use for food.
“Of all the land animals, these are the ones you may use for food.
Whatever parts the hoof and is cloven-footed and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat.
You may eat any animal that has completely split hooves and chews the cud.
Nevertheless, among those that chew the cud or part the hoof, you shall not eat these: The camel, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you.
And the rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you.
And the hare, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you.
The hare chews the cud but does not have split hooves, so it is unclean.
And the pig, because it parts the hoof and is cloven-footed but does not chew the cud, is unclean to you.
The pig has evenly split hooves but does not chew the cud, so it is unclean.
You shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall not touch their carcasses; they are unclean to you.
You may not eat the meat of these animals or even touch their carcasses. They are ceremonially unclean for you.
“These you may eat, of all that are in the waters. Everything in the waters that has fins and scales, whether in the seas or in the rivers, you may eat.
“Of all the marine animals, these are ones you may use for food. You may eat anything from the water if it has both fins and scales, whether taken from salt water or from streams.
But anything in the seas or the rivers that does not have fins and scales, of the swarming creatures in the waters and of the living creatures that are in the waters, is detestable to you.
But you must never eat animals from the sea or from rivers that do not have both fins and scales. They are detestable to you. This applies both to little creatures that live in shallow water and to all creatures that live in deep water.
You shall regard them as detestable; you shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall detest their carcasses.
They will always be detestable to you. You must never eat their meat or even touch their dead bodies.
Everything in the waters that does not have fins and scales is detestable to you.
Any marine animal that does not have both fins and scales is detestable to you.
“These are the birds that are detestable to you. You must never eat them: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,
the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk of any kind,
the eagle owl, the short-eared owl, the seagull, hawks of all kinds,
the little owl, the cormorant, the short-eared owl,
the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl,
the barn owl, the tawny owl, the carrion vulture,
the barn owl, the desert owl, the Egyptian vulture,
the stork, the heron of any kind, the hoopoe, and the bat.
the stork, herons of all kinds, the hoopoe, and the bat.
“All winged insects that go on all fours are detestable to you.
“You must not eat winged insects that walk along the ground; they are detestable to you.
Yet among the winged insects that go on all fours you may eat those that have jointed legs above their feet, with which to hop on the ground.
You may, however, eat winged insects that walk along the ground and have jointed legs so they can jump.
Of them you may eat: the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, and the grasshopper of any kind.
The insects you are permitted to eat include all kinds of locusts, bald locusts, crickets, and grasshoppers.
But all other winged insects that have four feet are detestable to you.
All other winged insects that walk along the ground are detestable to you.
“And by these you shall become unclean. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening,
“The following creatures will make you ceremonially unclean. If any of you touch their carcasses, you will be defiled until evening.
and whoever carries any part of their carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.
If you pick up their carcasses, you must wash your clothes, and you will remain defiled until evening.
Every animal that parts the hoof but is not cloven-footed or does not chew the cud is unclean to you. Everyone who touches them shall be unclean.
“Any animal that has split hooves that are not evenly divided or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you. If you touch the carcass of such an animal, you will be defiled.
And all that walk on their paws, among the animals that go on all fours, are unclean to you. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening,
Of the animals that walk on all fours, those that have paws are unclean. If you touch the carcass of such an animal, you will be defiled until evening.
and he who carries their carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening; they are unclean to you.
If you pick up its carcass, you must wash your clothes, and you will remain defiled until evening. These animals are unclean for you.
“And these are unclean to you among the swarming things that swarm on the ground: the mole rat, the mouse, the great lizard of any kind,
“Of the small animals that scurry along the ground, these are unclean for you: the mole rat, the rat, large lizards of all kinds,
the gecko, the monitor lizard, the lizard, the sand lizard, and the chameleon.
the gecko, the monitor lizard, the common lizard, the sand lizard, and the chameleon.
These are unclean to you among all that swarm. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until the evening.
All these small animals are unclean for you. If any of you touch the dead body of such an animal, you will be defiled until evening.
And anything on which any of them falls when they are dead shall be unclean, whether it is an article of wood or a garment or a skin or a sack, any article that is used for any purpose. It must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the evening; then it shall be clean.
If such an animal dies and falls on something, that object will be unclean. This is true whether the object is made of wood, cloth, leather, or burlap. Whatever its use, you must dip it in water, and it will remain defiled until evening. After that, it will be ceremonially clean and may be used again.
And if any of them falls into any earthenware vessel, all that is in it shall be unclean, and you shall break it.
“If such an animal falls into a clay pot, everything in the pot will be defiled, and the pot must be smashed.
Any food in it that could be eaten, on which water comes, shall be unclean. And all drink that could be drunk from every such vessel shall be unclean.
If the water from such a container spills on any food, the food will be defiled. And any beverage in such a container will be defiled.
And everything on which any part of their carcass falls shall be unclean. Whether oven or stove, it shall be broken in pieces. They are unclean and shall remain unclean for you.
Any object on which the carcass of such an animal falls will be defiled. If it is an oven or hearth, it must be destroyed, for it is defiled, and you must treat it accordingly.
Nevertheless, a spring or a cistern holding water shall be clean, but whoever touches a carcass in them shall be unclean.
“However, if the carcass of such an animal falls into a spring or a cistern, the water will still be clean. But anyone who touches the carcass will be defiled.
And if any part of their carcass falls upon any seed grain that is to be sown, it is clean,
If the carcass falls on seed grain to be planted in the field, the seed will still be considered clean.
but if water is put on the seed and any part of their carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you.
But if the seed is wet when the carcass falls on it, the seed will be defiled.
“And if any animal which you may eat dies, whoever touches its carcass shall be unclean until the evening,
“If an animal you are permitted to eat dies and you touch its carcass, you will be defiled until evening.
and whoever eats of its carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening. And whoever carries the carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.
If you eat any of its meat or carry away its carcass, you must wash your clothes, and you will remain defiled until evening.
“Every swarming thing that swarms on the ground is detestable; it shall not be eaten.
“All small animals that scurry along the ground are detestable, and you must never eat them.
Whatever goes on its belly, and whatever goes on all fours, or whatever has many feet, any swarming thing that swarms on the ground, you shall not eat, for they are detestable.
This includes all animals that slither along on their bellies, as well as those with four legs and those with many feet. All such animals that scurry along the ground are detestable, and you must never eat them.
You shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarms, and you shall not defile yourselves with them, and become unclean through them.
Do not defile yourselves by touching them. You must not make yourselves ceremonially unclean because of them.
For I am the Lord your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and be holy, for I am holy. You shall not defile yourselves with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground.
For I am the LORD your God. You must consecrate yourselves and be holy, because I am holy. So do not defile yourselves with any of these small animals that scurry along the ground.
For I am the Lord who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy.”
For I, the LORD, am the one who brought you up from the land of Egypt, that I might be your God. Therefore, you must be holy because I am holy.
This is the law about beast and bird and every living creature that moves through the waters and every creature that swarms on the ground,
“These are the instructions regarding land animals, birds, marine creatures, and animals that scurry along the ground.