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  • Bread from Heaven

    And they journeyed from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they departed from the land of Egypt.
  • Manna and Quail from Heaven

    Then the whole community of Israel set out from Elim and journeyed into the wilderness of Sin,a between Elim and Mount Sinai. They arrived there on the fifteenth day of the second month, one month after leaving the land of Egypt.b
  • Then the whole congregation of the children of Israel complained against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness.
  • There, too, the whole community of Israel complained about Moses and Aaron.
  • And the children of Israel said to them, “Oh, that we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the pots of meat and when we ate bread to the full! For you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.”
  • “If only the LORD had killed us back in Egypt,” they moaned. “There we sat around pots filled with meat and ate all the bread we wanted. But now you have brought us into this wilderness to starve us all to death.”
  • Then the Lord said to Moses, “Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you. And the people shall go out and gather [a]a certain quota every day, that I may test them, whether they will walk in My law or not.
  • Then the LORD said to Moses, “Look, I’m going to rain down food from heaven for you. Each day the people can go out and pick up as much food as they need for that day. I will test them in this to see whether or not they will follow my instructions.
  • And it shall be on the sixth day that they shall prepare what they bring in, and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily.”
  • On the sixth day they will gather food, and when they prepare it, there will be twice as much as usual.”
  • Then Moses and Aaron said to all the children of Israel, “At evening you shall know that the Lord has brought you out of the land of Egypt.
  • So Moses and Aaron said to all the people of Israel, “By evening you will realize it was the LORD who brought you out of the land of Egypt.
  • And in the morning you shall see the glory of the Lord; for He hears your complaints against the Lord. But what are we, that you complain against us?”
  • In the morning you will see the glory of the LORD, because he has heard your complaints, which are against him, not against us. What have we done that you should complain about us?”
  • Also Moses said, “This shall be seen when the Lord gives you meat to eat in the evening, and in the morning bread to the full; for the Lord hears your complaints which you make against Him. And what are we? Your complaints are not against us but against the Lord.”
  • Then Moses added, “The LORD will give you meat to eat in the evening and bread to satisfy you in the morning, for he has heard all your complaints against him. What have we done? Yes, your complaints are against the LORD, not against us.”
  • Then Moses spoke to Aaron, “Say to all the congregation of the children of Israel, ‘Come near before the Lord, for He has heard your complaints.’ ”
  • Then Moses said to Aaron, “Announce this to the entire community of Israel: ‘Present yourselves before the LORD, for he has heard your complaining.’”
  • Now it came to pass, as Aaron spoke to the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and behold, the glory of the Lord appeared in the cloud.
  • And as Aaron spoke to the whole community of Israel, they looked out toward the wilderness. There they could see the awesome glory of the LORD in the cloud.
  • And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
  • Then the LORD said to Moses,
  • “I have heard the complaints of the children of Israel. Speak to them, saying, ‘At twilight you shall eat meat, and in the morning you shall be filled with bread. And you shall know that I am the Lord your God.’ ”
  • “I have heard the Israelites’ complaints. Now tell them, ‘In the evening you will have meat to eat, and in the morning you will have all the bread you want. Then you will know that I am the LORD your God.’”
  • So it was that quail came up at evening and covered the camp, and in the morning the dew lay all around the camp.
  • That evening vast numbers of quail flew in and covered the camp. And the next morning the area around the camp was wet with dew.
  • And when the layer of dew lifted, there, on the surface of the wilderness, was a small round substance, as fine as frost on the ground.
  • When the dew evaporated, a flaky substance as fine as frost blanketed the ground.
  • So when the children of Israel saw it, they said to one another, “What is it?” For they did not know what it was.
    And Moses said to them, “This is the bread which the Lord has given you to eat.
  • The Israelites were puzzled when they saw it. “What is it?” they asked each other. They had no idea what it was.
    And Moses told them, “It is the food the LORD has given you to eat.
  • This is the thing which the Lord has commanded: ‘Let every man gather it according to each one’s need, one omer for each person, according to the number of persons; let every man take for those who are in his tent.’ ”
  • These are the LORD’s instructions: Each household should gather as much as it needs. Pick up two quartsc for each person in your tent.”
  • Then the children of Israel did so and gathered, some more, some less.
  • So the people of Israel did as they were told. Some gathered a lot, some only a little.
  • So when they measured it by omers, he who gathered much had nothing left over, and he who gathered little had no lack. Every man had gathered according to each one’s need.
  • But when they measured it out,d everyone had just enough. Those who gathered a lot had nothing left over, and those who gathered only a little had enough. Each family had just what it needed.
  • And Moses said, “Let no one leave any of it till morning.”
  • Then Moses told them, “Do not keep any of it until morning.”
  • Notwithstanding they did not [b]heed Moses. But some of them left part of it until morning, and it bred worms and stank. And Moses was angry with them.
  • But some of them didn’t listen and kept some of it until morning. But by then it was full of maggots and had a terrible smell. Moses was very angry with them.
  • So they gathered it every morning, every man according to his need. And when the sun became hot, it melted.
  • After this the people gathered the food morning by morning, each family according to its need. And as the sun became hot, the flakes they had not picked up melted and disappeared.
  • And so it was, on the sixth day, that they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one. And all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.
  • On the sixth day, they gathered twice as much as usual — four quartse for each person instead of two. Then all the leaders of the community came and asked Moses for an explanation.
  • Then he said to them, “This is what the Lord has said: ‘Tomorrow is a Sabbath rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord. Bake what you will bake today, and boil what you will boil; and lay up for yourselves all that remains, to be kept until morning.’ ”
  • He told them, “This is what the LORD commanded: Tomorrow will be a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath day set apart for the LORD. So bake or boil as much as you want today, and set aside what is left for tomorrow.”
  • So they laid it up till morning, as Moses commanded; and it did not stink, nor were there any worms in it.
  • So they put some aside until morning, just as Moses had commanded. And in the morning the leftover food was wholesome and good, without maggots or odor.
  • Then Moses said, “Eat that today, for today is a Sabbath to the Lord; today you will not find it in the field.
  • Moses said, “Eat this food today, for today is a Sabbath day dedicated to the LORD. There will be no food on the ground today.
  • Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, the Sabbath, there will be none.”
  • You may gather the food for six days, but the seventh day is the Sabbath. There will be no food on the ground that day.”
  • Now it happened that some of the people went out on the seventh day to gather, but they found none.
  • Some of the people went out anyway on the seventh day, but they found no food.
  • And the Lord said to Moses, “How long do you refuse to keep My commandments and My laws?
  • The LORD asked Moses, “How long will these people refuse to obey my commands and instructions?
  • See! For the Lord has given you the Sabbath; therefore He gives you on the sixth day bread for two days. Let every man remain in his place; let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.”
  • They must realize that the Sabbath is the LORD’s gift to you. That is why he gives you a two-day supply on the sixth day, so there will be enough for two days. On the Sabbath day you must each stay in your place. Do not go out to pick up food on the seventh day.”
  • So the people rested on the seventh day.
  • So the people did not gather any food on the seventh day.
  • And the house of Israel called its name [c]Manna. And it was like white coriander seed, and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.
  • The Israelites called the food manna.f It was white like coriander seed, and it tasted like honey wafers.
  • Then Moses said, “This is the thing which the Lord has commanded: ‘Fill an omer with it, to be kept for your generations, that they may see the bread with which I fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.’ ”
  • Then Moses said, “This is what the LORD has commanded: Fill a two-quart container with manna to preserve it for your descendants. Then later generations will be able to see the food I gave you in the wilderness when I set you free from Egypt.”
  • And Moses said to Aaron, “Take a pot and put an omer of manna in it, and lay it up before the Lord, to be kept for your generations.”
  • Moses said to Aaron, “Get a jar and fill it with two quarts of manna. Then put it in a sacred place before the LORD to preserve it for all future generations.”
  • As the Lord commanded Moses, so Aaron laid it up before the Testimony, to be kept.
  • Aaron did just as the LORD had commanded Moses. He eventually placed it in the Ark of the Covenant — in front of the stone tablets inscribed with the terms of the covenant.g
  • And the children of Israel ate manna forty years, until they came to an inhabited land; they ate manna until they came to the border of the land of Canaan.
  • So the people of Israel ate manna for forty years until they arrived at the land where they would settle. They ate manna until they came to the border of the land of Canaan.
  • Now an omer is one-tenth of an ephah.
  • The container used to measure the manna was an omer, which was one-tenth of an ephah; it held about two quarts.h

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