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The First Passover
While the Israelites were still in the land of Egypt, the LORD gave the following instructions to Moses and Aaron:
While the Israelites were still in the land of Egypt, the LORD gave the following instructions to Moses and Aaron:
The First Passover
And Jehovah spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,
And Jehovah spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,
“From now on, this month will be the first month of the year for you.
This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.
Announce to the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each family must choose a lamb or a young goat for a sacrifice, one animal for each household.
Speak unto all the assembly of Israel, saying, On the tenth of this month let them take themselves each a lamb, for a father's house, a lamb for a house.
If a family is too small to eat a whole animal, let them share with another family in the neighborhood. Divide the animal according to the size of each family and how much they can eat.
And if the household be too small for a lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take [it] according to the number of the souls; each according to [the measure] of his eating shall ye count for the lamb.
The animal you select must be a one-year-old male, either a sheep or a goat, with no defects.
Your lamb shall be without blemish, a yearling male; ye shall take [it] from the sheep, or from the goats.
“Take special care of this chosen animal until the evening of the fourteenth day of this first month. Then the whole assembly of the community of Israel must slaughter their lamb or young goat at twilight.
And ye shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; and the whole congregation of the assembly of Israel shall kill it between the two evenings.
They are to take some of the blood and smear it on the sides and top of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the animal.
And they shall take of the blood, and put [it] on the two door-posts and on the lintel of the houses in which they eat it.
That same night they must roast the meat over a fire and eat it along with bitter salad greens and bread made without yeast.
And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter [herbs] shall they eat it.
Do not eat any of the meat raw or boiled in water. The whole animal — including the head, legs, and internal organs — must be roasted over a fire.
Ye shall eat none of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with its in-wards.
Do not leave any of it until the next morning. Burn whatever is not eaten before morning.
And ye shall let none of it remain until the morning; and what remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.
And thus shall ye eat it: your loins shall be girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste; it is Jehovah's passover.
On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn son and firstborn male animal in the land of Egypt. I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt, for I am the LORD!
And I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am Jehovah.
But the blood on your doorposts will serve as a sign, marking the houses where you are staying. When I see the blood, I will pass over you. This plague of death will not touch you when I strike the land of Egypt.
And the blood shall be for you as a sign on the houses in which ye are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you; and the plague shall not be among you for destruction, when I smite the land of Egypt.
“This is a day to remember. Each year, from generation to generation, you must celebrate it as a special festival to the LORD. This is a law for all time.
The Feast of Unleavened Bread
And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall celebrate it [as] a feast to Jehovah; throughout your generations [as] an ordinance for ever shall ye celebrate it.
And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall celebrate it [as] a feast to Jehovah; throughout your generations [as] an ordinance for ever shall ye celebrate it.
For seven days the bread you eat must be made without yeast. On the first day of the festival, remove every trace of yeast from your homes. Anyone who eats bread made with yeast during the seven days of the festival will be cut off from the community of Israel.
Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread: on the very first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses; for whoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day -- that soul shall be cut off from Israel.
On the first day of the festival and again on the seventh day, all the people must observe an official day for holy assembly. No work of any kind may be done on these days except in the preparation of food.
And on the first day ye shall have a holy convocation, and on the seventh day a holy convocation: no manner of work shall be done on them, save what is eaten by every person -- that only shall be done by you.
“Celebrate this Festival of Unleavened Bread, for it will remind you that I brought your forces out of the land of Egypt on this very day. This festival will be a permanent law for you; celebrate this day from generation to generation.
And ye shall keep the [feast of] unleavened [bread]; for in this same day have I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt; and ye shall keep this day in your generations [as] an ordinance for ever.
The bread you eat must be made without yeast from the evening of the fourteenth day of the first month until the evening of the twenty-first day of that month.
In the first [month], on the fourteenth day of the month, in the evening, ye shall eat unleavened bread until the one and twentieth day of the month in the evening.
During those seven days, there must be no trace of yeast in your homes. Anyone who eats anything made with yeast during this week will be cut off from the community of Israel. These regulations apply both to the foreigners living among you and to the native-born Israelites.
Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses; for whoever eateth what is leavened -- that soul shall be cut off from the assembly of Israel, whether he be a sojourner, or born in the land.
During those days you must not eat anything made with yeast. Wherever you live, eat only bread made without yeast.”
Ye shall eat nothing leavened: in all your dwellings shall ye eat unleavened bread.
Then Moses called all the elders of Israel together and said to them, “Go, pick out a lamb or young goat for each of your families, and slaughter the Passover animal.
And Moses called all the elders of Israel, and said to them, Seize and take yourselves lambs for your families, and kill the passover.
Drain the blood into a basin. Then take a bundle of hyssop branches and dip it into the blood. Brush the hyssop across the top and sides of the doorframes of your houses. And no one may go out through the door until morning.
And take a bunch of hyssop, and dip [it] in the blood that is in the bason, and smear the lintel and the two door-posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning.
For the LORD will pass through the land to strike down the Egyptians. But when he sees the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe, the LORD will pass over your home. He will not permit his death angel to enter your house and strike you down.
And Jehovah will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he sees the blood on the lintel, and on the two door-posts, Jehovah will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come into your houses to smite [you].
“Remember, these instructions are a permanent law that you and your descendants must observe forever.
And ye shall observe this as an ordinance for thee and for thy sons for ever.
When you enter the land the LORD has promised to give you, you will continue to observe this ceremony.
And it shall come to pass, when ye are come into the land that Jehovah will give you, as he has promised, that ye shall keep this service.
Then your children will ask, ‘What does this ceremony mean?’
And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say to you, What mean ye by this service?
And you will reply, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the LORD, for he passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt. And though he struck the Egyptians, he spared our families.’” When Moses had finished speaking, all the people bowed down to the ground and worshiped.
that ye shall say, It is a sacrifice of passover to Jehovah, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt when he smote the Egyptians and delivered our houses. And the people bowed their heads and worshipped.
So the people of Israel did just as the LORD had commanded through Moses and Aaron.
And the children of Israel went away, and did as Jehovah had commanded Moses and Aaron; so did they.
And that night at midnight, the LORD struck down all the firstborn sons in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn son of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn son of the prisoner in the dungeon. Even the firstborn of their livestock were killed.
The Tenth Plague: Death of Firstborn
And it came to pass that at midnight Jehovah smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of cattle.
And it came to pass that at midnight Jehovah smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of cattle.
Pharaoh and all his officials and all the people of Egypt woke up during the night, and loud wailing was heard throughout the land of Egypt. There was not a single house where someone had not died.
And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his bondmen, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house in which there was not one dead.
Israel’s Exodus from Egypt
Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron during the night. “Get out!” he ordered. “Leave my people — and take the rest of the Israelites with you! Go and worship the LORD as you have requested.
The Exodus Begins
And he called Moses and Aaron in the night, and said, Rise up, go away from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve Jehovah, as ye have said.
And he called Moses and Aaron in the night, and said, Rise up, go away from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve Jehovah, as ye have said.
Take your flocks and herds, as you said, and be gone. Go, but bless me as you leave.”
Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and go; and bless me also.
All the Egyptians urged the people of Israel to get out of the land as quickly as possible, for they thought, “We will all die!”
And the Egyptians urged the people, to send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We are all dead [men]!
The Israelites took their bread dough before yeast was added. They wrapped their kneading boards in their cloaks and carried them on their shoulders.
And the people took their dough before it was leavened; their kneading-troughs bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.
And the people of Israel did as Moses had instructed; they asked the Egyptians for clothing and articles of silver and gold.
And the children of Israel had done according to the word of Moses, and they had asked of the Egyptians utensils of silver, and utensils of gold, and clothing.
The LORD caused the Egyptians to look favorably on the Israelites, and they gave the Israelites whatever they asked for. So they stripped the Egyptians of their wealth!
And Jehovah had given the people favour in the eyes of the Egyptians, and they gave to them; and they spoiled the Egyptians.
And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot [that were] men, besides children.
A rabble of non-Israelites went with them, along with great flocks and herds of livestock.
And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks and herds -- very much cattle.
For bread they baked flat cakes from the dough without yeast they had brought from Egypt. It was made without yeast because the people were driven out of Egypt in such a hurry that they had no time to prepare the bread or other food.
And they baked the dough that they brought forth out of Egypt into unleavened cakes, for it was not leavened; for they were driven out of Egypt, and could not wait; neither had they prepared for themselves any food.
And the residence of the children of Israel that they resided in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years.
In fact, it was on the last day of the 430th year that all the LORD’s forces left the land.
And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, on that same day it came to pass that all the hosts of Jehovah went out from the land of Egypt.
On this night the LORD kept his promise to bring his people out of the land of Egypt. So this night belongs to him, and it must be commemorated every year by all the Israelites, from generation to generation.
It is a night of observance to Jehovah, because of their being brought out from the land of Egypt: that same night is an observance to Jehovah for all the children of Israel in their generations.
Instructions for the Passover
Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the instructions for the festival of Passover. No outsiders are allowed to eat the Passover meal.
Instructions for the Passover
And Jehovah said to Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: No stranger shall eat of it;
And Jehovah said to Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: No stranger shall eat of it;
But any slave who has been purchased may eat it if he has been circumcised.
but every man's bondman that is bought for money -- let him be circumcised: then shall he eat it.
Temporary residents and hired servants may not eat it.
A settler and a hired servant shall not eat it.
Each Passover lamb must be eaten in one house. Do not carry any of its meat outside, and do not break any of its bones.
In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth any of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.
The whole community of Israel must celebrate this Passover festival.
All the assembly of Israel shall hold it.
“If there are foreigners living among you who want to celebrate the LORD’s Passover, let all their males be circumcised. Only then may they celebrate the Passover with you like any native-born Israelite. But no uncircumcised male may ever eat the Passover meal.
And when a sojourner sojourneth with thee, and would hold the passover to Jehovah, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and hold it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.
This instruction applies to everyone, whether a native-born Israelite or a foreigner living among you.”
One law shall be for him that is home-born and for the sojourner that sojourneth among you.
So all the people of Israel followed all the LORD’s commands to Moses and Aaron.
And all the children of Israel did as Jehovah had commanded Moses and Aaron; so did they.