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The Sabbath Year
While Moses was on Mount Sinai, the LORD said to him,
While Moses was on Mount Sinai, the LORD said to him,
The Sabbath Year
The Lord spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying,
The Lord spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying,
“Give the following instructions to the people of Israel. When you have entered the land I am giving you, the land itself must observe a Sabbath rest before the LORD every seventh year.
“Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, When you come into the land that I give you, the land shall keep a Sabbath to the Lord.
For six years you may plant your fields and prune your vineyards and harvest your crops,
For six years you shall sow your field, and for six years you shall prune your vineyard and gather in its fruits,
but during the seventh year the land must have a Sabbath year of complete rest. It is the LORD’s Sabbath. Do not plant your fields or prune your vineyards during that year.
but in the seventh year there shall be a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a Sabbath to the Lord. You shall not sow your field or prune your vineyard.
And don’t store away the crops that grow on their own or gather the grapes from your unpruned vines. The land must have a year of complete rest.
You shall not reap what grows of itself in your harvest, or gather the grapes of your undressed vine. It shall be a year of solemn rest for the land.
But you may eat whatever the land produces on its own during its Sabbath. This applies to you, your male and female servants, your hired workers, and the temporary residents who live with you.
Your livestock and the wild animals in your land will also be allowed to eat what the land produces.
and for your cattle and for the wild animals that are in your land: all its yield shall be for food.
The Year of Jubilee
“In addition, you must count off seven Sabbath years, seven sets of seven years, adding up to forty-nine years in all.
Then you shall sound the loud trumpet on the tenth day of the seventh month. On the Day of Atonement you shall sound the trumpet throughout all your land.
Set this year apart as holy, a time to proclaim freedom throughout the land for all who live there. It will be a jubilee year for you, when each of you may return to the land that belonged to your ancestors and return to your own clan.
And you shall consecrate the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a jubilee for you, when each of you shall return to his property and each of you shall return to his clan.
This fiftieth year will be a jubilee for you. During that year you must not plant your fields or store away any of the crops that grow on their own, and don’t gather the grapes from your unpruned vines.
That fiftieth year shall be a jubilee for you; in it you shall neither sow nor reap what grows of itself nor gather the grapes from the undressed vines.
It will be a jubilee year for you, and you must keep it holy. But you may eat whatever the land produces on its own.
In the Year of Jubilee each of you may return to the land that belonged to your ancestors.
“In this year of jubilee each of you shall return to his property.
“When you make an agreement with your neighbor to buy or sell property, you must not take advantage of each other.
And if you make a sale to your neighbor or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another.
When you buy land from your neighbor, the price you pay must be based on the number of years since the last jubilee. The seller must set the price by taking into account the number of years remaining until the next Year of Jubilee.
You shall pay your neighbor according to the number of years after the jubilee, and he shall sell to you according to the number of years for crops.
The more years until the next jubilee, the higher the price; the fewer years, the lower the price. After all, the person selling the land is actually selling you a certain number of harvests.
If the years are many, you shall increase the price, and if the years are few, you shall reduce the price, for it is the number of the crops that he is selling to you.
Show your fear of God by not taking advantage of each other. I am the LORD your God.
You shall not wrong one another, but you shall fear your God, for I am the Lord your God.
“If you want to live securely in the land, follow my decrees and obey my regulations.
“Therefore you shall do my statutes and keep my rules and perform them, and then you will dwell in the land securely.
Then the land will yield large crops, and you will eat your fill and live securely in it.
The land will yield its fruit, and you will eat your fill and dwell in it securely.
But you might ask, ‘What will we eat during the seventh year, since we are not allowed to plant or harvest crops that year?’
And if you say, ‘What shall we eat in the seventh year, if we may not sow or gather in our crop?’
Be assured that I will send my blessing for you in the sixth year, so the land will produce a crop large enough for three years.
I will command my blessing on you in the sixth year, so that it will produce a crop sufficient for three years.
When you plant your fields in the eighth year, you will still be eating from the large crop of the sixth year. In fact, you will still be eating from that large crop when the new crop is harvested in the ninth year.
When you sow in the eighth year, you will be eating some of the old crop; you shall eat the old until the ninth year, when its crop arrives.
Redemption of Property
“The land must never be sold on a permanent basis, for the land belongs to me. You are only foreigners and tenant farmers working for me.
Redemption of Property
“The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine. For you are strangers and sojourners with me.
“The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine. For you are strangers and sojourners with me.
“With every purchase of land you must grant the seller the right to buy it back.
And in all the country you possess, you shall allow a redemption of the land.
If one of your fellow Israelites falls into poverty and is forced to sell some family land, then a close relative should buy it back for him.
“If your brother becomes poor and sells part of his property, then his nearest redeemer shall come and redeem what his brother has sold.
If there is no close relative to buy the land, but the person who sold it gets enough money to buy it back,
If a man has no one to redeem it and then himself becomes prosperous and finds sufficient means to redeem it,
he then has the right to redeem it from the one who bought it. The price of the land will be discounted according to the number of years until the next Year of Jubilee. In this way the original owner can then return to the land.
let him calculate the years since he sold it and pay back the balance to the man to whom he sold it, and then return to his property.
But if the original owner cannot afford to buy back the land, it will remain with the new owner until the next Year of Jubilee. In the jubilee year, the land must be returned to the original owners so they can return to their family land.
But if he does not have sufficient means to recover it, then what he sold shall remain in the hand of the buyer until the year of jubilee. In the jubilee it shall be released, and he shall return to his property.
“Anyone who sells a house inside a walled town has the right to buy it back for a full year after its sale. During that year, the seller retains the right to buy it back.
“If a man sells a dwelling house in a walled city, he may redeem it within a year of its sale. For a full year he shall have the right of redemption.
But if it is not bought back within a year, the sale of the house within the walled town cannot be reversed. It will become the permanent property of the buyer. It will not be returned to the original owner in the Year of Jubilee.
If it is not redeemed within a full year, then the house in the walled city shall belong in perpetuity to the buyer, throughout his generations; it shall not be released in the jubilee.
But a house in a village — a settlement without fortified walls — will be treated like property in the countryside. Such a house may be bought back at any time, and it must be returned to the original owner in the Year of Jubilee.
But the houses of the villages that have no wall around them shall be classified with the fields of the land. They may be redeemed, and they shall be released in the jubilee.
“The Levites always have the right to buy back a house they have sold within the towns allotted to them.
As for the cities of the Levites, the Levites may redeem at any time the houses in the cities they possess.
And any property that is sold by the Levites — all houses within the Levitical towns — must be returned in the Year of Jubilee. After all, the houses in the towns reserved for the Levites are the only property they own in all Israel.
And if one of the Levites exercises his right of redemption, then the house that was sold in a city they possess shall be released in the jubilee. For the houses in the cities of the Levites are their possession among the people of Israel.
The open pastureland around the Levitical towns may never be sold. It is their permanent possession.
But the fields of pastureland belonging to their cities may not be sold, for that is their possession forever.
Redemption of the Poor and Enslaved
“If one of your fellow Israelites falls into poverty and cannot support himself, support him as you would a foreigner or a temporary resident and allow him to live with you.
Kindness for Poor Brothers
“If your brother becomes poor and cannot maintain himself with you, you shall support him as though he were a stranger and a sojourner, and he shall live with you.
“If your brother becomes poor and cannot maintain himself with you, you shall support him as though he were a stranger and a sojourner, and he shall live with you.
Do not charge interest or make a profit at his expense. Instead, show your fear of God by letting him live with you as your relative.
Take no interest from him or profit, but fear your God, that your brother may live beside you.
Remember, do not charge interest on money you lend him or make a profit on food you sell him.
You shall not lend him your money at interest, nor give him your food for profit.
I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt to give you the land of Canaan and to be your God.
I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt to give you the land of Canaan, and to be your God.
“If one of your fellow Israelites falls into poverty and is forced to sell himself to you, do not treat him as a slave.
“If your brother becomes poor beside you and sells himself to you, you shall not make him serve as a slave:
Treat him instead as a hired worker or as a temporary resident who lives with you, and he will serve you only until the Year of Jubilee.
he shall be with you as a hired worker and as a sojourner. He shall serve with you until the year of the jubilee.
At that time he and his children will no longer be obligated to you, and they will return to their clans and go back to the land originally allotted to their ancestors.
Then he shall go out from you, he and his children with him, and go back to his own clan and return to the possession of his fathers.
The people of Israel are my servants, whom I brought out of the land of Egypt, so they must never be sold as slaves.
Show your fear of God by not treating them harshly.
You shall not rule over him ruthlessly but shall fear your God.
“However, you may purchase male and female slaves from among the nations around you.
As for your male and female slaves whom you may have: you may buy male and female slaves from among the nations that are around you.
You may also purchase the children of temporary residents who live among you, including those who have been born in your land. You may treat them as your property,
You may also buy from among the strangers who sojourn with you and their clans that are with you, who have been born in your land, and they may be your property.
passing them on to your children as a permanent inheritance. You may treat them as slaves, but you must never treat your fellow Israelites this way.
You may bequeath them to your sons after you to inherit as a possession forever. You may make slaves of them, but over your brothers the people of Israel you shall not rule, one over another ruthlessly.
“Suppose a foreigner or temporary resident becomes rich while living among you. If any of your fellow Israelites fall into poverty and are forced to sell themselves to such a foreigner or to a member of his family,
Redeeming a Poor Man
“If a stranger or sojourner with you becomes rich, and your brother beside him becomes poor and sells himself to the stranger or sojourner with you or to a member of the stranger’s clan,
“If a stranger or sojourner with you becomes rich, and your brother beside him becomes poor and sells himself to the stranger or sojourner with you or to a member of the stranger’s clan,
they still retain the right to be bought back, even after they have been purchased. They may be bought back by a brother,
then after he is sold he may be redeemed. One of his brothers may redeem him,
an uncle, or a cousin. In fact, anyone from the extended family may buy them back. They may also redeem themselves if they have prospered.
or his uncle or his cousin may redeem him, or a close relative from his clan may redeem him. Or if he grows rich he may redeem himself.
They will negotiate the price of their freedom with the person who bought them. The price will be based on the number of years from the time they were sold until the next Year of Jubilee — whatever it would cost to hire a worker for that period of time.
He shall calculate with his buyer from the year when he sold himself to him until the year of jubilee, and the price of his sale shall vary with the number of years. The time he was with his owner shall be rated as the time of a hired worker.
If many years still remain until the jubilee, they will repay the proper proportion of what they received when they sold themselves.
If there are still many years left, he shall pay proportionately for his redemption some of his sale price.
If only a few years remain until the Year of Jubilee, they will repay a small amount for their redemption.
If there remain but a few years until the year of jubilee, he shall calculate and pay for his redemption in proportion to his years of service.
The foreigner must treat them as workers hired on a yearly basis. You must not allow a foreigner to treat any of your fellow Israelites harshly.
He shall treat him as a worker hired year by year. He shall not rule ruthlessly over him in your sight.
If any Israelites have not been bought back by the time the Year of Jubilee arrives, they and their children must be set free at that time.
And if he is not redeemed by these means, then he and his children with him shall be released in the year of jubilee.